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The cannabis plant produces over 100 cannabinoids, or compounds. Tetrahydrocannabinolis (THC) is just one of these natural compounds that you’ll see a lot when researching medical cannabis. Although THC is psychoactive, so can be behind that ‘high’ feeling cannabis is often associated with, it also has a lot of medical benefits when prescribed and used correctly. And this is why it’s growing in popularity.
With research that is still being conducted, we’re starting to further understand THC oil benefits. We’ll be exploring how it can be used as a medicinal oil below, the science behind it, and the effects. From how you take it, to how it's originally grown, we’ve got plenty to cover - and hopefully you’ll have a good understanding of THC oil by the end of the article.
How Does THC Oil Work?
THC interacts with your body’s endocannabinoid system (ECS), a messenger and receptor system that is integral to the management of balance within the human body.
One of the core components of the ECS are the cannabinoid receptors. This includes cannabinoid 1 (CB1) and cannabinoid (CB2), and they’re one of the main reasons behind why so many different conditions react so positively to cannabis.
THC is chemically similar to your body’s endocannabinoids which is why it can interact with your cannabinoid receptors. It binds with the CB1 receptors and releases neurotransmitters in your brain. This is what can be behind that ‘high’ feeling, but it depends on the dosage level, individual and symptoms being treated. If you’re worried, have a conversation with your pharmacist to decide what the best dosage or form is for you.
The CB1 receptors are primarily found in the central nervous system (CNS). When THC binds to the CB1 receptors in the CNS, it can affect appetite and pain.
CB2 receptors are found in the peripheral nervous system (PNS), immune cells, and various organs. CB2, along with other receptors, mediate THC's neuroprotective, anti-nausea, anti-spasmodic, and anti-inflammatory effects. In other words, patients can use THC oil for pain relief, and muscle relaxation and recovery through reduced inflammation.
Serotonin in the PNS plays a pivotal role in regulating respiration, a chemical reaction in our bodies that helps us produce energy. Disturbances in its function can contribute to irregular breathing patterns during sleep. THC appears to act as an antagonist of serotonin, and therefore can help with sleep.
Potential Medical Benefits of THC Oil
THC oil is often considered by some to have more precise and consistent effects, compared to other forms of cannabis, like dried flower or edibles. It can also be tailored to individual needs. Although dosage, patient tolerance and method of administration can change the effects THC oil has on the body, studies have shown that it has the potential to:
- Relieve pain
- Reduce nausea
- Ease migraines
- Reduce anxiety
- Increase appetite
- Help with insomnia
- Is anti-inflammatory
- Relieve muscle spasms
- Manage glaucoma
Potential THC Oil Side Effects
Just like with any other medication, there can be side effects when taking THC oil. It’s likely they'll vary from person to person, and you may not experience any at all. The best thing you can do is take your medication as prescribed. But some common side effects to be aware of include:
- Feeling sick
- Weakness
- A behavioural or mood change
- Dizziness
- Feeling very tired
- Feeling high
- Dry mouth
Don’t panic if you experience any of the above. These side effects should only last for 2 to 3 hours. But if you are concerned, or experience serious side effects, speak to your pharmacist or doctor as quickly as possible. And we’re always here to help. You can email us at hello@alternaleaf.co.uk or call 029 2271 1227. The solution may be as simple as adjusting your dosage.
Factors That Influence THC Oil Effects
The way you use THC oil is completely down to what you feel comfortable with, and how your prescriber has advised. They’ll work with you to choose a dosage that suits you and your symptoms. You may not get it right the first time you use medical cannabis, which is why we recommend starting slow. It’s also important to remember that everyone’s body can react differently, and you’ll have your own individual tolerance to the medication.
Methods of Consuming THC Oil
Although THC oil dosage and individual tolerance can influence effects, we’ll explore a couple of methods of consumption below, as this can have an impact on how quickly it affects you and how long the effects last.
Sublingual
Doctors normally recommend sublingual use when prescribing THC oil in the UK. You place the THC oil under your tongue, and it’s absorbed into your bloodstream. This method cuts out the "first pass effect" associated with normal oral administration, which is where a medication undergoes metabolism at a specific location in the body, decreasing the active drug’s concentration. The effects can be felt within 15-30 minutes and can last for up to 4 hours.
Oral
This is typically a THC oil capsule or tincture that can be swallowed whole (capsule), or added to food or drink. Tinctures are made from cannabis plant extract, and therefore not as concentrated, resulting in a slower onset time. If you ingest the oil by swallowing it or adding it to food and drinks, it needs to pass through your digestive system before being absorbed into your bloodstream, so the effects usually occur between 30 minutes to an hour. They can last anywhere from 4-8 hours depending on dosage and metabolism. Typically, unless you’re prescribed capsules, your doctor will prescribe oil to be taken sublingually.
FAQ's
What is the difference between THC oil and CBD oil?
We’ve explored THC oil above, and have a bit more information on how it’s made here. But what about CBD oil?
CBD oil is a non-intoxicating product containing cannabidiol (CBD), another compound found in the cannabis plant. It can be incorporated into other products like capsules and topicals. You can purchase any CBD product that contains less than 1mg of THC per packet or container without a prescription. However, keep in mind that CBD products purchased over the counter aren’t strictly monitored. That’s why it may be better to seek the help of a licensed clinic like Alternaleaf, where you can find medication that contains both CBD and THC. It’s monitored, trusted and personalised to you and your symptoms.
An alternative would be to buy CBD products from Alternaleaf’s Pharmacy, Montu Pharmacy. You don’t need a prescription, but you can still trust the source you’re purchasing from.
Remember, both THC and CBD play a lead role on certain health conditions, and can sometimes be greater together, due to a phenomenon known as the entourage effect.
How long does it take for THC to leave your system?
On average, THC can stay in your system for up to 30 days, but this can vary depending on dosage, frequency of consumption and metabolism. For example, if you’re consuming daily, it could take longer to leave your system than someone who is consuming once a week.
How Long Does it Take THC Oil to Have a Long-Term Impact on a Medical Condition?
The long-term effects of THC oil on a medical condition vary depending on the severity of the condition, the dosage, and the method of administration. While some individuals may experience relief within a few hours or days, others may take weeks to see noticeable improvements.
Is It Safe To Use THC Oil For Medical Benefits?
Medical cannabis has been legal in the UK since 1st November 2018 as long as it’s prescribed by a specialist doctor. To be eligible, you’ll need a diagnosis for a qualifying condition such as chronic pain, anxiety, depression, ADHD or autism.
Just because it’s legal in the UK, doesn’t mean it’s legal everywhere. It is always a good idea to check if you’re travelling somewhere, what their rules and laws are around medical cannabis.
It’s also important to remember that every medication comes with potential risks - which we discussed above. With prescribed medical cannabis, you’ll have access to expert advice and will receive guidance on dosage. The best thing you can always do is start low and go slow, and follow the advice of an expert.
Summary
Whether you need help sleeping, want to relieve chronic pain, or reduce anxiety, THC oil could be a good option for you. And if you want to incorporate it into a personalised treatment plan, speak to your specialist doctor or pharmacist. They’ll be able to talk through the best dosage and method of administration for you.
THC oil has a lot of therapeutic benefits. But, as with any form of medication, there can be risks. It’s important to use responsibly, and it never hurts to do your own research. There’s lots of help and information on the Alternaleaf website, and we’re always here to answer any questions you may have.